http://hdl.handle.net/10564/4203 2023年度博士論文 Thu, 09 Apr 2026 19:25:05 GMT 2026-04-09T19:25:05Z http://hdl.handle.net/10564/4377 タイトル: Novel Pathological Implications of Serum Uric Acid with Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Obesity 著者: Wakabayashi, Dai; Kato, Sayaka; Tanaka, Masashi; Yamakage, Hajime; Kato, Hisashi; Kusakabe, Toru; Ozu, Naoki; Kasama, Shu; Kasahara, Masato; Satoh-Asahara, Noriko; Japan Obesity Metabolic Syndrome Study (JOMS) Group 抄録: Aims: This cohort study intended to elucidate the association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and cardiovascular disease events in Japanese patients with obesity. Methods: Altogether, 450 obese Japanese outpatients were enrolled in a multicenter prospective cohort Japan, the Japan Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome Study. Primary analysis regarding the measurements of cardiovascular risk factors, including SUA levels, and the occurrence of macrovascular complications was based on following the participants over a 5-year period. Results: Of the eligible patients, 335 (74.4%) were followed into the fifth year. During the study period, 15 coronary heart disease, 7 stroke, and 6 arteriosclerosis obliterans events occurred in 39 patients. The CVD incidence rate was 15.8 per 1000 person-years. In the analysis of adjusted models for traditional risk factors, hyperuricemia was a significant factor for the incidence of CVD events, especially in female obese patients. Additionally, we estimated the association between SUA levels and CVD events using cubic spline models, which showed a U-shaped association in both male and female patients. Conclusions: SUA is an effective predictor of CVD events in female obese patients and a risk factor for CVD incident in obese patients. 内容記述: 権利情報：© 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Tue, 31 Oct 2023 15:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10564/4377 2023-10-31T15:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10564/4376 タイトル: Machine learning-based analysis of regional differences in out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest outcomes and resuscitation interventions in Japan 著者: Kawai, Yasuyuki; Yamamoto, Koji; Miyazaki, Keita; Asai, Hideki; Fukushima, Hidetada 抄録: Refining out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest (OHCA) resuscitation protocols for local emergency practices is vital. The lack of comprehensive evaluation methods for individualized protocols impedes targeted improvements. Thus, we employed machine learning to assess emergency medical service (EMS) records for examining regional disparities in time reduction strategies. In this retrospective study, we examined Japanese EMS records and neurological outcomes from 2015 to 2020 using nationwide data. We included patients aged ≥ 18 years with cardiogenic OHCA and visualized EMS activity time variations across prefectures. A five-layer neural network generated a neurological outcome predictive model that was trained on 80% of the data and tested on the remaining 20%. We evaluated interventions associated with changes in prognosis by simulating these changes after adjusting for time factors, including EMS contact to hospital arrival and initial defibrillation or drug administration. The study encompassed 460,540 patients, with the model's area under the curve and accuracy being 0.96 and 0.95, respectively. Reducing transport time and defibrillation improved outcomes universally, while combining transport time and drug administration showed varied efficacy. In conclusion, the association of emergency activity time with neurological outcomes varied across Japanese prefectures, suggesting the need to set targets for reducing activity time in localized emergency protocols. 内容記述: 権利情報：© The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Thu, 31 Aug 2023 15:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10564/4376 2023-08-31T15:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10564/4375 タイトル: Impact of beta-tricalcium phosphate on preventing tooth extractiontriggered bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in rats 著者: Funayama, Naoki; Yagyuu, Takahiro; Imada, Mitsuhiko; Ueyama, Yoshihiro; Nakagawa, Yosuke; Kirita, Tadaaki 抄録: Antiresorptive or antiangiogenic drugs can cause medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw that is refractory. Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) may be caused by procedures such as tooth extraction damage the alveolar bone, release bisphosphonates (BPs) and impede healing. This study investigated strategies for BRONJ prevention and molecular mechanisms of its onset. We assessed the effectiveness of filling extraction sockets with beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). Rats were administered zoledronic acid (ZA) 1.2 mg/kg once per week for 2 weeks, and a molar was extracted. They were randomly assigned to the β-TCP group (bone defects filled with 0.01 g of β-TCP) or control group. Tissue content measurements indicated 2.2 ng of ZA per socket in the β-TCP group and 4.9 ng in the control group, confirming BP distribution and BP adsorption by β-TCP in vivo. At 4 weeks after extraction, the β-TCP group had normal mucosal coverage without inflammation. Moreover, at 8 weeks after extraction, enhanced bone healing, socket coverage, and new bone formation were observed in the β-TCP group. Connective tissue in the extraction sockets suggested that local increases in BP concentrations may suppress the local autophagy mechanisms involved in BRONJ. Filling extraction sockets with β-TCP may prevent BRONJ. 内容記述: 権利情報：© The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Thu, 31 Aug 2023 15:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10564/4375 2023-08-31T15:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10564/4374 タイトル: Juvenile social isolation immediately affects the synaptic activity and firing property of fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing interneuron subtype in mouse medial prefrontal cortex 著者: Okamura, Kazuya; Yoshino, Hiroki; Ogawa, Yoichi; Yamamuro, Kazuhiko; Kimoto, Sohei; Yamaguchi, Yasunari; Nishihata, Yosuke; Ikehara, Minobu; Makinodan, Manabu; Saito, Yasuhiko; Kishimoto, Toshifumi 抄録: A lack of juvenile social experience causes various behavioral impairments and brain dysfunction, especially in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Our previous studies revealed that juvenile social isolation for two weeks immediately after weaning affects the synaptic inputs and intrinsic excitability of fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing (FSPV) interneurons as well as a specific type of layer 5 (L5) pyramidal cells, which we termed prominent h-current (PH) cells, in the mPFC. However, since these changes were observed at the adult age of postnatal day 65 (P65), the primary cause of these changes to neurons immediately after juvenile social isolation (postnatal day 35) remains unknown. Here, we investigated the immediate effects of juvenile social isolation on the excitability and synaptic inputs of PH pyramidal cells and FSPV interneurons at P35 using whole-cell patch-clamp recording. We observed that excitatory inputs to FSPV interneurons increased immediately after juvenile social isolation. We also found that juvenile social isolation increases the firing reactivity of a subtype of FSPV interneurons, while only a fractional effect was detected in PH pyramidal cells. These findings suggest that juvenile social isolation primarily disturbs the developmental rebuilding of circuits involving FSPV interneurons and eventually affects the circuits involving PH pyramidal cells in adulthood. 内容記述: 権利情報：© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in [Cerebral Cortex] following peer review. The version of record [Cereb Cortex. 2023; 33(7): 3591-3606.] is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac294 Tue, 28 Feb 2023 15:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10564/4374 2023-02-28T15:00:00Z